Thursday, August 28, 2008

Improve Employee Business Literacy

This (Employee Business Literacy) includes a deep understanding of how the company makes money, how the company’s customers make money, how the company can help its customers make more money and what customers need to remain loyal.

Shekhar Purohit

Asia Pacific Leader for Executive Compensation and Corporate Governance
Hewitt Associates

In an Article

Shekhar Purohit, The Performance Quest, The Economic Times, Corporate Dossier, 29 August, 2008, p. 2

Sunday, August 3, 2008

Exploring Social Networking Sites for Acquiring Talent

We have dedicated resource exploring social networking sites for acquiring talent.
This is one of our ways to combat the challenge of hiring right.
Facebook, Myspace and specialized professional website LinkedIN are the most popular websites. Some well-known blogs are scanned to help identify subject-matter experts, and web sites are explored to map the industry.

Anjani Kumar
Exec. V.P.
Multi Scree Media Pvt. Ltd. (Formerly Sony Entertainment Network)

In an interview in MINT campaign 4 August 2008

Creativity is not One Ability, but a Whole Cluster of Abilities

Creativity is not one ability, but a whole cluster of abilities. The most important ones are:

Ideational fluency: It measures a person's ability to come up with a number of solutions to a given problem.

Flexibility: The ability to provide a large variety of solutions, to respond to a problem from a variety of viewpoints, and to use a variety of approaches in problem solving.

Originality: The ability to come up with unusual but appropriate responses.

Ability to sense problems: The ability to notice the unexplained, the unsatisfactory, or the incogruent.

Ability to grasp the causes:It is the ability to go to the roots of a phenomenon by unravelling its causes, and equality, to visualise its consequences.

Ability to elaborate: It is the difference between a legend (that people talk of) and Shakespeare's drama on it. The ability to elaborate is indispensable to putting a creative idea to work.

Ability to restructure problems: The ability to go behind the surface features of a problem, and see what the "real" problem is.

Pradip Khandwalla

Fourth Eye: Excellence Through Creativity
A.H. Wheeler, Allahabad, 1984

Friday, August 1, 2008

Strategy and Stock Market Support

For getting favourable responses from the stock investors firms need to target and achieve higher profit and emphasize more on scale expansion rather than diversification as growth strategy.

Sougata Ray (1998)

Strategic Responses of Firms to Economic Liberalization

IIM Ahmedabad Fellowship Thesis

Thursday, July 31, 2008

Spirituality

Definition

Spirituality is the rational contemplation and adoration of the grand harmony of the Universal Order; and adopting a behavior that sustains and enhances this order.

Satya Prakash Saraswat

Reflections on Spiritual Foundations of Human Values for Global Business Management
Vision, MDI, Gurgaon
July-September 2005

India has Favourable Conditions for Overseas Successes

For an increasing number of industries, Indian business is reaching the point of having global advantages on all the four determinants identified by Michael Porter in 1990.

1. Favourable factor conditions with respect to natural resources, skills, capital and infrastructure;

2. demand conditions in domestic markets comparable to that overseas in terms of presence of global players, quality of products, and customer expectations;

3. presence of ancillary industries and supportive skills like finance, banking, and legal;

4. and intensity of competition and aspirations of looking beyond domestic markets.

The four determinants tend to have a bandwagon effect in a country on two counts - one, stoking aspirations among other players as the pioneers in an industry start operating overseas, and two, facilitating creation of suitable conditions in related industries.

Rajnish Karki

Indian Companies in Overseas Markets: Perspectives, Patterns, and Implications

Vikalpa, Oct-Dec 2004

Tuesday, July 29, 2008

Innovation Chain

Industry relies on innovation to remain competitive.
R&D institutions serve as the fountainhead of such innovation nad academia provide the knowledge required for that innovation.

R. Sunder

Partner Founder
BiSS(P) Ltd.

"Pain and Excitement of Taking Technology to the Market"
Vikalpa
October - December 2004

Product development

Product development involves five per cent effort towards getting it to work and the remainder 95 per cent towards converting it into a useful device that will meet someone else's requirement.

R. Sunder

Partner Founder
BiSS(P) Ltd.

"Pain and Excitement of Taking Technology to the Market"
Vikalpa
October - December 2004

Reward not for Brilliance but for Providing a Solution

The market does not reward anyone for his knowledge or brilliance. Rewards await only those who have a solution to offer that meets specific existing requirement.

A student can be rewarded for his knowledge and his brilliance because his sole responsibility is to learn.

Customer satisfaction needs to be the focus of development activity if rewards or appreciation is to be expected.

R. Sunder

Partner Founder
BiSS(P) Ltd.

"Pain and Excitement of Taking Technology to the Market"
Vikalpa
October - December 2004

Monday, July 28, 2008

Work Culture - Bhagavadgita

An effective work culture is about vigorous and arduous efforts in pursuit of given or chosen tasks. Sri Krishna elaborates on two types of work culture – “daivi sampat” or divine work culture and “asuri sampat” or demonic work culture.

Daivi work culture - involves fearlessness, purity, self-control, sacrifice, straightforwardness, self-denial, calmness, absence of fault-finding, absence of greed, gentleness, modesty, absence of envy and pride.
Asuri work culture - involves egoism, delusion, personal desires, improper performance, work not oriented towards service.
Mere work ethic is not enough. The hardened criminal exhibits an excellent work ethic. What is needed is a work ethic conditioned by ethics in work.
It is in this light that the counsel, “yogah karmasu kausalam” should be understood. “Kausalam” means skill or technique of work which is an indispensable component of a work ethic. “Yogah” is defined in the Gita itself as “samatvam yogah uchyate” meaning an unchanging equipoise of mind (detachment.) Tilak tells us that acting with an equable mind is Yoga.

(Bal Gangadhar Tilak, 1856-1920, the precursor of Gandhiji, hailed by the people of India as “Lokmanya,” probably the most learned among the country's political leaders. For a description of the meanings of the word “Yoga”, see foot of this page.)

By making the equable mind the bed-rock of all actions, the Gita evolved the goal of unification of work ethic with ethics in work, for without ethical process no mind can attain an equipoise. The guru, Adi Sankara (born circa 800 AD), says that the skill necessary in the performance of one's duty is that of maintaining an evenness of mind in face of success and failure. The calm mind in the face of failure will lead to deeper introspection and see clearly where the process went wrong so that corrective steps could be taken to avoid shortcomings in future.

The principle of reducing our attachment to personal gains from the work done is the Gita's prescription for attaining equanimity. It has been held that this principle leads to lack of incentive for effort, striking at the very root of work ethic. To the contrary, concentration on the task for its own sake leads to the achievement of excellence – and indeed to the true mental happiness of the worker. Thus, while commonplace theories of motivation may be said to lead us to the bondage or extrinsic rewards, the Gita's principle leads us to the intrinsic rewards of mental, and indeed moral, satisfaction.


M.P. Bhattathiri:
World Management Lessons from India.
The Internet Journal of Alternative Medicine. 2005. Volume 2 Number 2.

http://www.ispub.com/ostia/index.php?xmlFilePath=journals/ijam/vol2n2/mind.xml

Operations-related Senior Managerial Roles and Competencies

Operations-related Senior Managerial Roles

1 Implementation of policies

2 Implementation of changes and innovations in area of jurisdiction

3 Setting of short-term tasks and targets for area of work

4 Fair allocation of the work to members of the staff

5 Seeking suggestions and help from ‘clients’ in order to improve the services provided by his/her department/unit

6 Operating an appropriate control system for the department/unit

7 Providing periodic feedback to staff and helping them review their performance

8 Rewarding/encouraging good performance

9 Anticipating and/or mitigating crises


‘Core’ Competencies for Operations Roles at Senior level

Competencies having correlations of 0.50 and above with
operations roles

1 This person can be counted upon to play his/her part in getting
jobs done

2 This person has a fine sense of timing when it comes to
introducing changes or innovations

3 This person is great at spotting and seizing opportunities that
are beneficial to the organization

4 This person puts out his/her best and expects to come out
way ahead of others

5 In getting jobs done, this person has a knack for doing the
right things at the right time

6 This person seeks and accepts personal responsibility for
getting a job done

7 This person has a knack for mobilizing the necessary
resources for a task even when resources are scarce

8 This person has a knack for making very persuasive
presentations for proposals for new projects or activities

9 This person has a knack for building an effective team for
implementing a new project or activity



Pradip N Khandwalla

“Competencies for Senior Manager Roles”

Vikalpa, October-December 2004

Senior Managerial Roles in Strategic planning and implementing

Senior Managerial Roles in Strategic planning and implementing

1 Formulation of policies

2 Planning of changes and innovations in area of jurisdiction

3 Securing critically needed information and intelligence for formulating goals

4 Setting of long-term objectives for area of work

5 Securing an understanding of the nature of the organization’s vendors, competitors, etc.

6 Articulating a vision for the future activities/impact of his/her unit/department

7 Contributing to the growth and diversification of unit/department

8 Procuring scarce financial, human, technical resources for the unit/department

9 Building up the image of unit/department



Competencies Highly Correlated (0.50 and above)
with Strategic Roles


1 Puts out the best and expects to come out way ahead of
others

2 Often comes up with original solutions to difficult problems

3 Carefully maps out all the steps of a solution or a course
of action

4 Has a knack for making very persuasive presentations for
proposals for new projects or activities

5 Has a fine sense of timing when it comes to introducing
changes or innovations

6 Is great at spotting and seizing opportunities that are beneficial
to the organization


Pradip N Khandwalla

“Competencies for Senior Manager Roles”

Vikalpa, October-December 2004

Indian Companies - Quality

To compete globally, we need to have global orientation. There should be no export quality versus domestic quality; it should all be the same quality.


Jagdish Sheth
"Making India Globally Competitive"
Vikalpa, October-December 2004

Theory of Comparative Advantage

David Ricardo strongly advocated the theory of comparative advantage - even if you can make a product cheaper in England, you should not do it if you can add more value with your resources (in some other way). You are better off buying from other countries even if it is more expensive because you have better alternatives for your resources such as capital, knowhow, people, land etc.


Ricardo was perhaps the first economist to champion what we call 'outsourcing' today.

This is how the British economy became global. In fact, htere has never been globalization in the world historically except for the British Empire.

The British also outsourced the manufacturing of two major industries: textile and steel, steel to America and textiles to India. This is one reason why even today India has a very large textile industry and America became one of the largest steel producers of the world.

Jagdish Sheth
"Making India Globally Competitive"
Vikalpa, October-December 2004

India - Global Orientation

The new India has to become more and more globally oriented. It should also focus on certain key sectors of the economy where it has a resource advantage compared to other nations of the world so that it can be globally competitive.


Jagdish Sheth
"Making India Globally Competitive"
Vikalpa, October-December 2004

India - Happy Country - JRD TATA

"I don't want India to be an economic super power. I want India to be a happy country."

J.R.D. Tata
(July 29, 1904 - November 29,1993)

From an advertisement of tata group

Friday, July 25, 2008

Response of Public Sector Enterprises to Environmental Change

Environmental changes call for adaptive responses on the part of the organization. When these changes are major, sudden, and irreversible (structural changes), strategic changes that may involve changes in the characterof the organization and the assumptions held by its top management will be needed.


Electronics Corporation of India Limited (ECIL) was set up in 1966 to develop indigenous know-how and effect import substitution in electronics. It had a Chief Executive highly committed to these objectives. In 1976-78 the Government liberalized its imports policies for computers and licensed competitors to manufacture computers. ECIL's response was mainly to attempt to influence the policies to nullify the effect of these changes. It did not initiate any strategic changes in computers (business), nor ws there any significant cahnges in the overall strategies of the corporation.

This exploratory study came out with some tentative hypotheses. Two of them are

1. Public enterprises whose objectives are based on values and whose top management is deeply committed to these values may have difficulties in appreciating the need for strategic change if it implies changes in these values. Thus commitment to values can be a barrier to strategic changes.

2. Change in leadership can bring about a different appreciation of the environment and hence a strategic change.


IIM Ahmedabad Fellowship Dissertation

ECIL: A Case Study of Environmental Change and Organizational Response in the Public Sector

S. Manikutty (1987)

a compendium of Dissertation Abstracts of the Fellow Programme in Management, IIM Ahmedabad, Macmilllan India Limited, Delhi, 1998

Government of India - Strategic Role in Oil Industry

The government of India had played a strategic role in the development of the Indian oil industry and the following elements could be identified as forming part of the strategy formulation process

a. Identifying a long-term mission.
b. Dealing with the futurity of present decision rather than with immediate responses/reactions to the present decision.
c. Constantly watching environment for threats/opportunities, and using the opportunities to reduce the threats.
d. Taking risks in uncertain and unpredictable environment.
e. acquiring strengths to be able to react to the environment effectively and to improve the organization's own bargaining power.
f. Generating alternatives to widen the base for choices towards achieving the mission.


IIM Ahmedabad Fellowship Dissertation

Indian Oil Industry: A Historical Study with Special Reference to the Strategic Role of Government of India

S. Vathsala (1980)

a compendium of Dissertation Abstracts of the Fellow Programme in Management, IIM Ahmedabad, Macmilllan India Limited, Delhi, 1998

General Management - Pubic, Private, MNC Subsidiairies

Our study found that sectoral differences existed in many of the variables related to general management in public, private and MNC subsidiaries in India.

Particularly, statistically significant sectoral differences were noticed in respect ot organizational objectives, business strategy, top management styles, planning, coordinating and control system, degree of need satisfaction, instrumentality of efforts to rewards, and organizational motivational climate.



IIM Ahmedabad Fellowship Dissertation

A Comparative Study of General Management Function Between Private SEctor, Public Sector, and Multinational Subsidiary Companies in India.

Krishna Kumar (1980).

a compendium of Dissertation Abstracts of the Fellow Programme in Management, IIM Ahmedabad, Macmilllan India Limited, Delhi, 1998

Thursday, July 10, 2008

CEOs - Rams and Ravans

What does a Ravan CEO stand for?

He never bulit the city of gold - Lanka. he drove out his brother, Kuber and took over the kingdom of Lanka.

He went around killing sages and raping women. Why? To establish his dominion and generate fear.

And during the war, he let his sons die andhis brothers die before entering the battle field himself. His desire for victory over Sita, and Ram, mattered more than lives of his people.

Ravan lives for himself. His pleasure matters the most.

Ram is a hero and god.
Because by being an obedient son, he demonstrates his commitment to others. He lives for the pleasure of others around him.

Devdutt Pattanaik

In an article in Corporate Dossier 11 July 2008 "Flamboyant Villain"

Wednesday, June 25, 2008

Employee First, Customer Second.

I've been especially interested in what I've seen at HCL Technologies, an Indian information technology company, which has been described as having the world's most modern management.

The first tenet of HCL's change strategy is called, somewhat provocatively, Employee First, Customer Second. The aim is to attract the very best talent - a tall order in the competitive Indian labor market but crucial for the company's growth - and empower employees to take the lead in coming up with innovative ways to create value for customers. This distributed leadership model is based on communities of interest: tight-knit groups that pull together people from various functions and locations. Each community comes up with new ideas and then competes with the other groups for funding in HCL's internal market.

According to HCL president Vineet Nayar, the strategy - which is supported by the savvy use of social-networking technology - will have succeeded when it "destroys the office of the president." That is, as the communities of interest evolve, the leaders of the groups will begin to share leadership of the company with Vineet.

From a HBR article in January 2008

Tuesday, June 17, 2008

Managing Online Reputation

A report by Priyanka Mehra, priyanka.m@livemint.com

Mint, 18 June, 2008, page 2008

Important points made:

Online reputation management is common in the West for a while now.

According to a March survey conducted by online research firm JuxtConsult around 49 million people in India access the Internet on a daily basis. 43% of this group regularly participate in social networks. 27% of are regular bloggers.

According to industry experts, online reputation management is now becoming integral part of the media plan of the big advertisers and companies are spending anywhere between Rs 25 lakh to Rs. 1.5 crore to invest in online image building. The company who have already initiatedt this include ICICI Bank, HDFC Bank, Tata Motors, Infosys Technologies, and Microsoft Corp.

The modus operandi of online reputation management, is a dedicated team that typically surfs the internet (using web alerts) and gathers all instances where the company or its brands find a mention. It participates in blogs, forums, discussion boards, wikis, search engine results and social media websites to disseminate positive news and to counter negative new that may cause damage to the company.

Accordingly to Webchutney Studio Pvt. Ltd. an online advertising agency, only two companies were using ORM services till six months ago. Now the number has gone up to 15. The interest in companies is increasing.

Next CEO? Start Planning Now

An article in Campaign, supplement to MINT dated 16 June 2006
by
Anjali Bansal
Consultant
Spencer Stuart, Mumbai Office


Important points made

Today succession planning is the shared responsibility of the CEO and the board, though it should ultimately fall squarely within Board's realm.

Succession planning is considered to be one of the highest priorities of the board, an in increasingly scrutinized by stakeholders as well as outsiders.

Tata group set up a governance council that made CEO succession its primary concern, as also the formation and evaluation of the board of directors of the company.

One of the most challenging tasks is specifying the cirteria the next CEO should meet.

One of the critical issues in succession planning is the handling of transition period, in emergency situations, where unexpected events result in the need for a new CEO.

One of the options is for a sitting board member to step in as a CEO on a temporary basis. Another approach adopted by some boards is to have an ex-CEO on the board who will take up the emergency responsibility till regular CEO is appointed.

Monday, June 16, 2008

Iconic Brands of India - 2008

Mint gave a list of 18 brands as iconic brands of India in Campaign, supplement of Mint on 9th June 2008

They are

Thums up

Lifebuoy

Dettol

Parle-G

Amul

Bata

Horlicks

Fevicol

Lux

Hajmola

Ambassador

Raymond

Onida

Fair & Lovely

Maruti 800

Amitabh Bachchan

Sholay

Kyunki Sas Bhi Kabhi Bahu thi

Seven Elements of a Timeless Brand

by Nabankur Gupta
Founder CEO of NObby Brand Architects and Strategic Marketing Consultants

The article was published in Campaign of Mint, on 9th June 2008
www.livemint.com

Brand equity is developed over time and it is cumulative experience of the customer with the brand offering.

A brand leader at a point of time need not be invincible and have long life. Some market leading brands died quickly. BPL, Fiat, and Dalda are some case in point.

But some brands which are not leaders may have long life because they have been nurtured well.

A brand's value comes from the recall the customer has whenever he wishes to consume the product or service the brand offer. A brand needs to have adequate emotional content for it to last in the competition for recall.


How does one build a timeless brand.

1. Innovate:
Through innovation, the consumer needs to be surprised and delighted. Innovation is not limited to product alone. It is in any aspect of the brand interface with the consumer. Its physical availability, pricing, look and feel, sales transaction experience, enquiry transaction experience etc.

2. Brand Expression:
The consumer has a desired character and identity. The brand must have the character and identity desired by the consumer.

3. Emotional connect:
Along with rational connect, the brand must have emotional connect. Understanding what gives the consumer emotional satisfaction is important. Brand behaviour has to be such that the consumer always feels secure and satiated.

4. Ownership:
One has to ensure that the consumer is proud to own the brand. Also the consumer should feel like the owns the brand.

5. Value delivery:
every brand has value. Brand creators and managers know that. But is the consumer is getting 100% value of the brand offering? If internal branding is not done properly and the organization is not delivery 100% value, the brand is losing the sting or sharpness. For what is delivered, fall short of what the brand actually was conceived to stand for. People within the organization have to trained and made to understand the value and nuances of the brand and deliver 100% of the value of the brand.

6. Relevance:
The brand to be a timeless brand has to be relevent to the customer today. The brand must understand consumer behaviour as it is relevant today and all its parameters, aspects, rational or emotional, and must adjust to the times.

Brand has to be young in that sense, it is full of vigour today.

7. Communication:
The advertising and other communication messages must be in line with what the customer wants the brand to be seen as.